What happens to CT operation as ambient temperatures decrease?

As ambient temperatures decrease, the operational efficiency of a combustion turbine (CT) typically improves, leading to an increase in power output measured in megawatts (MW). This phenomenon occurs due to several reasons rooted in the principles of thermodynamics and the behavior of gases.

When the temperature of the air entering the combustion turbine drops, the density of the air increases. Denser air allows more oxygen to enter the combustion chamber, which enhances the combustion process. Because combustion turbines generate electricity based on the ratio of fuel to air, having more oxygen available can lead to a more efficient combustion reaction. Consequently, the turbine can produce more power as it extracts more energy from the same amount of fuel.

Additionally, cooler ambient temperatures can result in improved cooling of the turbine components, further enhancing efficiency. This relationship is an important consideration for energy dispatchers and operators, as it can affect generation forecasts, operational planning, and overall grid management during cooler seasons. Understanding how ambient temperature influences the generation capacity helps in optimizing the performance and reliability of CT operations.