What does the term “voltage regulation” refer to?

The term "voltage regulation" refers to maintaining system voltage levels within specified limits. This is crucial in power systems because it ensures that voltage remains stable and within a safe operating range for equipment and devices connected to the electrical grid. Proper voltage regulation helps avoid problems such as equipment overheating, inefficient operation, and potential damage from voltage spikes or dips.

In a well-regulated voltage system, the voltage can adjust based on load changes, ensuring that the electrical supply remains reliable and meets the demand without exceeding safety thresholds. This is particularly important in large interconnected electrical networks, like those managed by PJM, where multiple generation sources and varying demand can influence voltage levels across the system.

While adjusting voltage levels for electrical devices is important, it is a narrower concept compared to the broader goal of voltage regulation in maintaining overall system stability. Increasing or reducing voltage might have specific applications, such as in distribution strategies or energy savings, but these actions do not capture the essence of voltage regulation, which is fundamentally about maintaining consistent voltage levels.